What are the two main types of defenses used in court?

The distinction between affirmative and ordinary defenses is central to understanding how a defendant can respond to charges in court. An affirmative defense involves a situation where the defendant admits to the act but asserts a legal justification or excuse that absolves them of liability. This means they acknowledge their actions but provide evidence or arguments to show they should not be held responsible; common examples include insanity, self-defense, and consent.

On the other hand, an ordinary defense involves disputing the facts of the case or arguing that the prosecution has not met its burden of proof. In this scenario, the defendant may claim that they did not commit the act or that the evidence against them is insufficient.

Understanding these two types of defenses is crucial for legal practitioners and those involved in the criminal justice system, as it helps in structuring a defense strategy based on the specific circumstances of a case.